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After years of success travelling the South, Midwest, and Mexico, the Raineys separated, and Ma Rainey kickstarted her solo tour. She was the second of five children and started performing at black minstrel shows in her teenage years. Read More:Is Ma Raineys Black Bottom a True Story? Skinhead Subculture: Origins & History | What is a Skinhead? Brown wrote the poem "Ma Rainey" in 1932, about how "When Ma Rainey / comes to town" people everywhere would hear her sing. In the history of Black America, she holds a special place as an early pioneer of sexual liberation and personal empowerment. As the genre became more and more popular, so did Ma. Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, born Gertrude Malissa Nix Pridgett, was most likely, and by her own account, born on April 26, 1886, in Columbus, Georgia. Overgeneralization in Psychology | Overview & Examples. Charles Finney Life & Beliefs | Who was Charles Finney? In 1912, the Raineys met Bessie Smith, a new dancer for the Moses Stokes Troupe. Execution by Hanging | Origin, History & Examples. - Facts, Laws, Pros & Cons, Thomas Nast: Cartoons, Biography & Quotes, Staggered Elections: Definition & Examples, Engel v. Vitale (1962): Summary, Facts & Ruling, Equal Rights Amendment: Definition, History, Pros & Cons, Freedom of Religion: Definition, Amendment & Rights, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie, "The True Story Of Ma Rainey From Netflix's 'Ma Rainey's Black Bottom', "Overlooked No More: Ma Rainey, the 'Mother of the Blues', "Ma Rainey's Lesbian Lyrics: 5 Times She Expressed Her Queerness in Song", "Ma Rainey Is Best Known as a Pioneer of the Blues. Ma alleged that she was born on April 26, 1886, in Columbus, Georgia. Gilles Deleuze Life, Philosophy & Career | Who was Deleuze? Her contributions to the genre are plentiful and they cannot be ignored. While visiting Southern cities, Rainey encountered true Southern Blues music, which she eventually fused with tenets of Vaudeville. Ma Rainey's cause of death was heart disease at 53, in 1939. Yoruba Religion Mythology & Beliefs | What is the Yoruba Religion? Cultural Relativism Overview & Philosophy | What is Cultural Relativism? Occult History, Practices & Facts | What is Occultism? Europa in Greek Mythology: Life & Family | Who was Europa? Royal Exchange: Overview & History | What is the Royal Exchange? The Cross: Symbolism, Use & Designs | What Does the Cross Mean? Protestant vs. Catholic | History, Beliefs & Differences. But according to The New York Times, a census taken in 1900 lists her birthdate as September 1882 and her birthplace as Alabama. They became so close that rumors circulated that their relationship was possibly also romantic in nature. 'Ma Rainey's coming to town, the boss blues singer.' And you respect Ma." Pascal's Wager Overview, Variations & Facts | Blaise Pascal's Wager, Hodr, God of Darkness in Norse Mythology | Origin, Family & Role. Theresa Merritt and Whoopi Goldberg starred as Rainey in the Original and Revival Broadway productions, respectively. Merlin the Wizard: Mythology, Legend & Names | Who is Merlin? Stoning of the Devil in Islam Origin & Purpose | What is the Jamarat Hajj? [1] Kabbalah History, Book & Beliefs | What is Kabbalah? In addition, she is credited with mentoring many other influential female singers of her day, including Bessie Smith, another important Blues singer of the 20th century. Hungary Facts, Population & People | Where is Hungary? South African Flag History | Colors, Symbols & Significance. The Satanic Bible by Anton LaVey | Summary & History. Dan Rainey is on Facebook. Philanthropist Overview & Examples | What is Philanthropy? Epona, Goddess of Horses | Origin, Mythology & Role, Tsukuyomi, Japanese God of the Moon | Origin, Role & Mythology. Rosh Hashanah Overview & Traditions | What is Rosh Hashanah? Oktoberfest History, Tradition & Facts | When is Oktoberfest? By the 1920s, the American musical landscape was undergoing important shifts. At 18, she married William Pa Rainey, which is when she adopted the name Ma. (They went on to adopt a son named Danny). Australasia History, Facts & Map | Where is Australasia? Synaptic Pruning & Neural Connections | What is Pruning in Psychology? Behavior Management Overview & Theories | What is Behavioral Management? Valhalla Mythology & Influence | What is Valhalla? As was often the case with tent show acts, she wintered in New Orleans, where she befriended jazz musicians like Louis Armstrong, Sidney Bechet, and Joe King Oliver. Bodhidharma Life, History & Significance | Who was Bodhidharma? [21], In 1924, Rainey recorded with Louis Armstrong, including on "Jelly Bean Blues", "Countin' the Blues" and "See, See Rider". They said she was the ugliest woman in show business, Alberta Hunter once said. Ma Rainey's Black Bottom is based on the true story of the legendary "Mother of the Blues," Gertrude "Ma" Rainey (Viola Davis) and her recording her signature song. Soul Food Overview, History & Examples | What is Soul Food? You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. Rainey claimed she created the term "blues" when asked what kind of song she was singing. [7], In February 1904, Ma Rainey married William "Pa" Rainey. Parts of a Prison: Design & Structure | How Big is a Prison Cell? Jinn Overview, Mythology & Names | What are Jinn? 4 Medical Clinical Solutions (4MCS), +4 more . Oriental Orthodox Church | Overview, History & Beliefs. Erving Goffman Theory & Works | Who was Erving Goffman? [33] In 1928, she worked with Dorsey again and recorded 20 songs, before Paramount terminated her contract. 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Ma and Pa Rainey travelled the South with various cabarets including The Rabbit Foot Minstrels, Tolliver's Circus and Musical Extravaganza, and the Moses Stokes Troupe. Sudan Population, People & Language | Where is Sudan? Apart from this, theU.S. Post Officereleased a 29 cent stamp in her honor in 1994. Shabbat Purpose, History & Practice | What is Shabbat? Kiowa History, Language & Facts | Who are the Kiowa Tribe? Stoicism Overview & Philosophy | What is Stoicism? Gods of Fertility Overview & Facts | What is a Fertility Deity? Doctorate Degree Types & Overview | What is a Doctoral Degree? India Independence Day | Origin, History & Celebration. Religious Garments Overview & Types | What is Religious Clothing? Viola Davis brings the character to life and the plot also exposes the many trials and tribulations that the black community faced in the 1920s. Fuxi Origin, Creation Myth & Significance | Who was Emperor Fu Hsi? Step Pyramid Architecture & Examples | What is a Step Pyramid? 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When the blues faded from popularity in the Thirties, the earthy Ma Rainey returned home to her Georgia hometown, where she ran two theaters. Seraph Overview, Significance & Facts | What are Seraphim? Secondary Education Grades & Examples | What is Secondary School? She largely faded into obscurity until 1935, after the death of her mother and sister, when she returned to her hometown in Georgia and effectively retired from show business. No matter, by all accounts, she was the first woman to incorporate blues into vaudeville, minstrel and tent shows. Dianic Wicca Origins & Beliefs | What is Dianic Wicca? Nagual Origin & Significance | What is a Nagual in Mythology? 14 chapters | Romance Language Overview & History | What are the Romance Languages? Nephilim Overview & Facts | Who were the Nephilim in the Bible? In 1981, Sandra Lieb wrote the first full-length book about Rainey, Mother of the Blues: A Study of Ma Rainey. Metalwork History, Tools & Processes | What is Metalworking? Seer History & Mythology | The Significance of Seers in Mythology, Nuwa in Chinese Mythology | Role, Family & Worship. Shirley Temple Overview, Movies & Life | Who was Shirley Temple? Genealogy for Danny Rainey (c.1907 - d.) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Rainey developed a relationship with Bessie Smith. New York Times photo of Ma Rainey from the 1920s. Immediate Family: Son of John Rainey and Jane Eccles. Avatar Overview, Concept & Examples | What is an Avatar? Viola Davis portrayed Rainey in the 2020 film adaptation of the play and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Tohono O'odham Culture & Facts | Who are the Tohono O'odham People? Spiritualism Beliefs & Practices | What is a Spiritualist? Names of God in Judaism | History, Examples & Significance. Islamic Music History, Types & Songs | What is Islamic Music? Moshav Overview, History & Types | What is a Moshav in Israel? 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Adopted a son Danny, billed as "the world's greatest juvenile stepper." view all Danny Rainey's Timeline. Daniel Rainey Administrator, Data Entry Keyer/Clerk, SARs Customer Service Adviser, PPI claim investigator Manchester. A Sunday on La Grande Jatte by Georges Seurat | Overview, Analysis & Materials. Social Democratic Party of Germany | Overview, History & Facts, SS Great Eastern | Designer, Construction & History, The Planets Suite by Gustav Holst | Composer, Inspiration & Structure, The Way of the World by William Congreve | Play Summary & Characters. Join Facebook to connect with Dan Rainey and others you may know. While most sources state that she was born on April 26, 1886, in Columbus, Georgia, some suggest that her birth occurred in September 1882 in . The Thinker by Auguste Rodin | Overview, History & Analysis, Leviathan in Religion & Mythology | Origin, Description & Symbolism. She had at least two brothers and a sister, Malissa Pridgett Nix. 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Rainey would go on that year to also record ''Moonshine Blues'' with Lovie Austin and ''Yonder Comes the Blues'' with Louis Armstrong. Sergei Prokofiev Biography & Composition | Who was Sergei Prokofiev? Aramaic Language Origin & Alphabet | What is Aramaic? Echo in Greek Mythology: Origin & Facts | Who was Echo the Nymph? Grand Central Station in New York City | History, Facts & Architecture, Balmoral Castle in Scotland | History, Interior & Use, Alcatraz Island Prison | History, Escapees & Closure. In 2004, "See See Rider Blues" (written in 1925) was inducted in the Grammy Hall of Fame, and was included by the National Recording Preservation Board in the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry in 2004. Legalism in China: History, Founders & Beliefs | What is Legalism? (They would continue to tour together for the next few years). Hebrew Language Origin & History | Who Speaks Hebrew? Suits in Playing Cards: Overview, Symbols & Order | What is a Suit? 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Ma Rainey married William "Pa" Rainey in 1904, and the two went on to perform in minstrel performances together, the most famous of which being Rabbit's Foot Company. Around 1900 she made her singing debut with the Bunch of Blackberries revue at the Springer Opera House. Plutocracy Overview & Government | What is a Plutocracy? The couple were hard-working, charming, and popular, managing to make a career out of Gertrudes soulful and often funny singing style for more than thirty years. Geodesic Dome Invention & Architecture | What is a Geodesic Dome? Shillings Overview, History & Usage | What is a Shilling? Khmer Empire, Language & Facts | Who are the Khmer People of Cambodia? Psychological Theories Concept & Examples | What is a Theory in Psychology? Walter Cronkite Biography & Sign Off | Who was Walter Cronkite? Over the course of her illustrious career, Ma worked with the likes of Joe King Oliver,Louis Armstrong,Sidney Bechet, andPops Foster. Philosophy of Religion | Overview, History & Facts. The June 2012 death of Darren Rainey, an inmate at the Dade Correctional Institution in South Florida, attracted national attention after other inmates claimed he was burned like "a boiled lobster" after about two hours in a shower that guards had modified to punish prisoners. Linear A: Overview, History & Language | What is the Minoan Linear A Script? Domino Effect Overview & Examples | What is the Domino Effect? Antipope History, List & Facts | What is an Antipope? The Fore People in Papua New Guinea | History, Culture & Beliefs, Guardian Council Overview & Function | Constitutional Council of Iran. Daughter of John & Lettie Allen, Siblings: Thomas, Essie, unknown, Melissa "Lizzy" (Pridgett) Nix, husband: 1) William "Pa" Rainey 2) unknown, *With her broad, toothy smile, multidirectional horsehair wig and necklace of $20 gold coins, Rainey was a sight to behold. Taqiyya Overview, Practice & Facts | What is Taqiyya in Shi'ism? Indemnity Overview & Indemnification Clause | What is Indemnity? Born in Columbia,. Jose Clemente Orozco Murals & Facts | Who was Jose Clemente Orozco? Space Tourism Overview & Facts | What is Space Tourism? [29], In 1935, Rainey returned to her home town, Columbus, Georgia, and became the proprietress[37] of three theaters, the Liberty in Columbus, and the Lyric and the Airdrome in Rome, Georgia,[38] until her death. Chlo Zhao a remport le prix du meilleur ralisateur et son film Nomadland a remport le prix du meilleur film. Minor Prophets: List, Facts & Books | 12 Prophets of the Hebrew Bible. Pines of Rome by Ottorino Respighi | Overview, Movements, & Performances. Dia de la Raza Overview & History | What is the Day of the Races? Ma didnt often have a skilled jazz band to accompany her, but a primitive assemblage of jugs, kazoo, banjo, tinny piano and musical saw. 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Republic of Moldova: History, People & Language | Where is Moldova? La Marseillaise Overview, History & Lyrics | French National Anthem. She also collaborated with the iconic Louis Armstrong on tracks like Moonshine Blues. In 1924, she went on a tour of theTheater Owners Booking Association(TOBA) with the Wildcats Jazz Band, which was assembled by Thomas Dorsey. Learning Theory Overview & Types | What is Learning Theory in Psychology? La Tene Culture | History, Arts & Influence. Celtic Goddess Brigid | Origin, Symbols & Mythology, Chang'e, Chinese Goddess of the Moon | Origin, Mythology & Role. Heaven's Gate Cult | History, Leader & Members. Isma'ilism Origin & Beliefs | What is Isma'ili Islam? Jewish Religious Clothing | Types, History & Examples. It was more raw and direct than the blues we now know. Peasants: History & Facts | What is Peasantry? Nature Religion Overview, History & Facts | What is Nature Worship? Mass Overview, Order & Practices | What is a Holy Mass? Eid al-Fitr: Overview, History & Practices | When Does Ramadan End? But She Broke More Than Musical Barriers", "Who Is Ma Rainey? High Priest of Israel: Overview & Significance | What was the High Priest? Paraguay Facts, Population & People | Where is Paraguay? Buckingham Palace: History & Design | Where is Buckingham Palace? Mali Population, People & Language | Where is Mali? Shoe History, Types & Materials | When were Shoes First Made? Every product was carefully curated by an Esquire editor. Emancipation Day Overview & Facts | When is Emancipation Day? Iu Mien Ethnicity, Culture & Facts | Who are the Iu Mien People? Turkmenistan Facts, Population & People | Where is Turkmenistan? New Georgia Encyclopedia. Hogmanay History, Facts & Traditions | How is Hogmanay Celebrated? Lyre: Musical Instrument Types, Classification & Uses | What is a Lyre? [11], Pridgett began her career as a performer at a talent show in Columbus, Georgia, when she was approximately 12 to 14 years old. She helped to pioneer a genre that appealed to North and South, rural and urban audiences. Communitarianism Overview, Ethics & Examples | What is a Communitarian? By 1926, however, Dorsey had to leave the band. He is survived by his loving wife Laurie; daughter, Jacqulyn; son, Nathan; s Although the musicians on these albums innovated profoundly in the genres of jazz, gospel, and blues, they were often under-recognized and underpaid, receiving little credit or fame for their musicianship. Roman Curia History & Facts | What is the Papal Curia? Lithuania Facts, Population & People | Where is Lithuania? Seven Laws of Noah: Overview & Facts | What are the Noahide Laws? August Wilson Plays & Biography | Who was August Wilson? Sources are unclear on the exact date and circumstances under which Rainey and Smith met, but it was probably sometime between 1912 and 1916. India Gate: Overview, History & Design | Where is the India Gate? In 1981 Sandra Lieb wrote the first full-length book about Rainey, Mother of the Blues: a Study of Ma Rainey. Chakra Origins & Symbolism | The Importance of Chakras in Healing, Ecstasy of Saint Teresa by Bernini | Statue, Construction & Analysis. She died of heart disease at age 53 in 1939. Loch Ness Monster Sightings & Legend | What is Nessie? Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople | Overview, History & Facts, The Afterlife in Christianity | Overview, Beliefs & Facts, Sacred Heart of Jesus | Significance, Prayer & Facts, Hindu Sacred Places | Temples, Holy Sites & Pilgrimage Places. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Eid al-Adha History & Celebration | What is Eid? Nazarene Beliefs & History | What is the Church of the Nazarene? She was also known to sexually engage with both men and women, a fact for which she never felt shame. Dogma Overview & Examples | What is Dogmatism? Devi Overview & Characteristics | Who is the Goddess Devi? Easter Vigil History, Practices & Facts | What is the Paschal Vigil? For some years, she lived in Chicago with her mother and sister. Adobe Bricks Material, Use & Overview | What is Adobe Clay? Yama the Hindu God of Death: Origin & Mythology | Who was Lord Yama? Libya Facts, Population & People | Where is Libya? Church of Sweden: Overview & History | What is the Church of Sweden? [45] In 1994, the U.S. Post Office issued a 29-cent commemorative postage stamp honoring her. [2] Pridgett claimed to have been born on April 26, 1886 (beginning with the 1910 census, taken April 25, 1910), in Columbus, Georgia.